Calculators
Every calculator uses SI units by default, offers inches, cites its sources, shows the working and exports a report.
Design calculators
The tools cover tolerancing and fits, fluid power and fasteners. Each one returns the result, the working and a printable report, and is checked against the worked examples on the validation page.
| Calculator | Methods | Standards cited |
|---|---|---|
| Tolerance stack-up | Worst case, RSS (Bender factor), Monte Carlo | ASME Y14.5-2018, Bender 1962, Fischer 2011 |
| Cylinder force and sizing | Force, speed, regeneration, standard bores, Euler buckling | ISO 3320, ISO 15552, NFPA T3.6.7 |
| Press and interference fit | ISO 286 fits, Lamé pressure and stresses, force, torque, assembly temperature | ISO 286-1/-2, DIN 7190-1 |
| Bolt torque and preload | Nut factor and VDI 2230 thread-geometry torque, preload scatter, thread stress | ISO 898-1, SAE J429, ASTM F3125, VDI 2230 |
| Euler buckling | Euler critical load, slenderness ratio, Johnson parabola, EN 1993-1-1 reduction factor | AISC 360-22, EN 1993-1-1 |
| Thread engagement and stripping | Internal and external thread shear areas, stripping loads, minimum engagement, helical inserts | FED-STD-H28/2B, ISO 965-1, ASME B1.1, ISO 898-1 |
| Stress concentration factor | Kt for shaft shoulders, grooves and holes, peak stress, notch sensitivity and Kf | Peterson's SCF 3rd ed., Roark 8th ed., Shigley 10th ed. |
| True position | Actual position 2√(dx² + dy²), MMC and LMC bonus, virtual condition, hole patterns, fastener formulas | ASME Y14.5-2018, ISO 1101:2017, ISO 2692:2021 |
Charts
Reference tables computed from the same engines and data as the calculators. Each row opens the calculator with that case loaded. Start at the bolt torque charts hub or go straight to a chart below.
| Chart | Covers | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Metric bolt torque chart | M3 to M36 coarse, classes 8.8, 10.9 and 12.9 | ISO 898-1:2013, VDI 2230 |
| SAE bolt torque chart | #10 to 1-1/2 in UNC and UNF, Grades 2, 5 and 8 | SAE J429, ASME B1.1, VDI 2230 |
| Structural bolt pretension and torque | 1/2 to 1-1/2 in, ASTM F3125 A325 and A490 | RCSC 2025 Table 5.2, ASTM F3125 |
| ISO 286 fit tolerance chart | Ten preferred hole-basis fits, 0 to 500 mm | ISO 286-1:2010, ISO 286-2:2010 |
| Bearing fit tolerances | Shaft and housing seats for rolling bearings | ISO 286, ISO 492 |
Guides
Worked explanations behind the calculators. See all guides.